Central Excise Day 2016

 

Central Excise Day in India

Central Excise Day is commemorated every year all across the India on 24^th of February to encourage the employees of excise department to carry out the central excise duty all over the India in better way in order to prevent the corruption in goods manufacturing business as well as implement other rules to carry out best possible excise services.

Central excise has become the vital source of the financial development of the country for the better socio-economic development in India. In the back years, the financial revenue of the country has become double through the better service delivery standards of the central excise departments.

The revenue collection through the central excise department is used in the following schemes such as education, health including other schemes of the social sector. Central excise supports a lot to improve the Indian economy for eliminating the poverty and illiteracy, offering better education and health services and etc to make the country a healthy and developed country.

Why Central Excise Day is Celebrated

A day, 24^th of February, has been decided by the government of India to celebrate this special event all through the country. The event celebration means to collect tax over the goods and by the people earning over the limit which has been decided according to the terms of Central Excise Act in the year 1944. The tax payable rate has been set under Schedule I and II according to the Central Excise Tariff Act in the year 1985.

According to the Central Excise law, the payable event is mainly over the manufactured goods, which has been managed by the Central Board of Excise and Customs (CBEC) through various field offices (means Central Excise Commissionerates) all over the country. Central Board of Excise and Customs fall under the Department of Revenue managed by the Ministry of Finance, Government of India.

The department of Central Board of Excise and Customs has been established in order to make and implement policies related to the tax payable and its collection by the people all through the country. To do this in better way, Customs and Central Excise duties has been implemented to prevent negative business ways means smuggling as well as to manage all the issues related to the central excise, customs and narcotics in India to a great level. To handle and manage all the matters in the country, whole India has been divided in 10 zones and each of the zones is headed by the Chief Commissioner of Central Excise. Almost 61 Commissionerates is headed by the Commissioner of Central Excise in all the Zones.

Following two types of the processes are carried out by the Central Excise department in order to put into effect all the laws and collections of the central excise:

Physical Control Process

Physical control process has been implemented in order to manage the central excise duty for cigarettes only. Through this process, first of all an evaluation is done under the custody of Central Excise officers for the approval purpose.

Self Removal Process

Self removal process has been implemented in order to manage the central excise duty for all other goods getting manufactured all through the India. In this process, all the legal responsibilities on the goods are self accessed by the manufacturers in order to clear the goods.

Importance of Celebrating the Central Excise Day

Central excise day in India is celebrated every year on 24^th of February to encourage the equality among the officers of the Central Board of Excise and Customs Department as well as assist them to ensure better tax observance. It is also celebrated to commemorate the establishment of the Central Excise and Salt Act on 24^th of February in the year 1944.

Scientist of the day - Agnes Arber

Agnes Arber

Agnes Arber was one of the most renowned botanists belonging to the 18th century. Her father was an artist and from him she gained the art of illustration which later on helped her in demonstrating the botanical works which she was involved in. She inculcated an interest in the subject of botany when she was in school and her scores were evident of her passion for the subject. She worked diligently and gained knowledge about the subject and even gained scholarship which helped her continue further studies in botany. Her encounter with the renowned botanist Ethel Sargent proved beneficial and Sargent provided her with the guidance which was required to enhance the qualities of Agnes as a botanist. She worked with Sargent in her laboratory which provided Arber with immense practical knowledge. She went to become an eminent botanist who did significant research work, which formed the base of many future developments in plant science. She focussed more on plant anatomy and morphology and even established a difference between pure morphology and applied morphology. Her work on floral structure has been an important development in the world of science. She has also made many contributions to the botanical science by her research work, revolving around monocotyledons 

Childhood & Early Life

• Agnes was born to Henry Robertson and Agnes Lucy Turner on 23rd February, 1879, in London. She was the eldest of four children and her siblings were named Donald Struan Robertson, Margaret Robertson and Janet Robertson.
• She received education from ‘North London Collegiate School’, where she cultivated an interest for the subject of botany. Her first research work was published in her school magazine, in 1894.
• Following this she topped the botany paper in her class and earned a scholarship. During her school days she met plant morphologist Ethel Sargent, who later went on to become her guide in botany.
• She enrolled at the ‘University College’, London in 1897 and two years later, she completed B.Sc. Later, she joined the ‘Newnham College’ and earned a degree in Natural Sciences in 1902. She excelled as a student earning many awards and accolades.

  Major Works

  In 1950, she penned the book entitled ‘The Natural Philosophy of Plant Form’ became one of the most renowned works of this remarkable plant morphologist. The book focusses on the transition from research to the establishment of a philosophy. In this book she introduces the ‘partial-shoot theory of the leaf’. The theory says that each component of a plant is either a shoot or a partial-shoot.

  Awards & Achievements

  • In 1946, she was the ‘Fellow of the Royal Society’, and she was the first women botanist to be bestowed with this honour.
  • The ‘Linnean Society of London’ honoured this learned researcher with the ‘Gold Medal.

    Personal Life & Legacy

    • In 1909, she married Edward Alexander Newall Arber, who was a paleobotanist and the couple was blessed with a child named Muriel Agnes Arber.
    • The family shifted to Cambridge and Agnes stayed there until her death on 22 March, 1960.